GGDPS is a key enzyme in the steviol glycosides biosynthesis pathway
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Maryam Rezvankhah,1 Hossein Askari,2,*
1. Shahid Beheshti University
2. ُShahid Beheshti University
- Introduction: Diterpenoid steviol glycosides are sugar compounds extracted from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni which belongs to Asteraceae family. Stevioside and rebaudiosideA make the most of sugars in this plant. Steviol glycosides biosynthetic pathways share four steps in common with gibberellic acid formation. Steviol was synthesized from kaurene via the mevalonate (MEP) pathway. Kaurenoic acid 13-hydroxylase (KAH) is the first specific enzyme in the steviol glycosides biosynthesis pathway.
- Methods: The accession numbers of genes involved in the steviol glycosides biosynthesis and their protein IDs were downloaded from the literature and the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/). The sequences were aligned using the ClustalW in Bioedit sequence alignment editor tool version 7.0.9.0. Dendrogram trees were drawed using Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) 5.2.2 software. The neighbor-joining (NJ) method was used to construct a phylogenetic tree.
- Results: The results showed S. rebaudiana , Helianthus annuus, Lactuca sativa, and Artemisia annua are most similar in evolution GGDPS gene is only found in S. rebaudiana, therefore this gene is specific to this plant.
- Conclusion: GGDPS is a key enzyme in the steviol glycosides biosynthesis pathway. It seems that geranylgeranyl diphosphate in the evolution has become geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase. It is because the amount of gibberellin produced in the other plants is much less than the amount of steviol glycosides.
- Keywords: Stevia rebaudiana, steviol glycosides, GGDPS, biosynthesis pathway, phylogenetic tree
