Use of metabolic engineering in inhibiting the cellular metabolism of lactic acid bacteria
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Seyedeh Zahra Memari ,1 Saber Amiri ,2 Shadi Aminnia ,3,*
1. Urmia University
2. Urmia University
3. Urmia University
- Introduction: Using metabolic engineering, new biosynthetic metabolic pathways can be created in important industrial microorganisms for the production of biofuels, biomaterials and other applications. Lactic acid bacteria, in addition to their major role in the fermented food industry to produce metabolites that affect the aroma, taste, stability, shelf life and texture of fermented foods, have the ability to produce valuable industrial metabolites that have potential applications in various industries, including waste processing. These bacteria are one of the selected bacteria to produce valuable industrial metabolites due to their specific genetic structure and regulatory control of their central metabolism.
- Methods: In recent years, with advances in metabolic engineering strategies, genetic manipulation and regulation of cellular metabolism have been successfully performed in various laboratory disciplines because lactic acid bacteria have a strong and highly efficient expression system. These capabilities also provide the basis for the industrial competition of these bacteria. Despite the fact that metabolic engineering has great potential to improve the cellular characteristics of the microorganism, the implementation of metabolic engineering strategies to develop high-performance plants that face economic challenges for industrial-scale production is still empirically challenging. The direct concern of metabolic engineering is to understand the nature, flux distribution, and regulatory mechanism of metabolic pathways associated with a microorganism.
- Results: Genome-scale metabolic modelling has now been successfully used to reconstruct efficient metabolic networks and optimize flux. Also, hybrid approaches focus on hybrid system engineering and genome-scale metabolic deletion that can help create new products and enzymes with improved catalytic properties and higher expression levels. Therefore, this review provides a brief overview of the existing metabolic engineering strategies for the comprehensive regulation of lactic acid bacterial strains for the production of important large-scale industrial metabolites that take steps to improve this method.
- Conclusion: Another major experimental challenge to performing metabolic engineering is the integration of genes encoding enzymes with diverse evolutionary and physiological histories to construct new/non-new natural pathways. Therefore, sometimes this prevents the regulation and kinetics of the relevant path, which ultimately limits the performance of new or artificial paths. However, to further expand the range and applications of this bacterium, powerful and multiple genomic manipulation tools are needed to produce cost-effective, large-scale, valuable metabolites in the laboratory.
- Keywords: Metabolic engineering, Cellular metabolism, Lactic acid bacteria
