A careful scrutiny of the HES1 gene regulation in glioblastoma tumorigenesis
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Ali Attaripour Isfahani,1 Reza Ghanbari,2 Mohammad Sina Pirmoradian,3 Mohammad Niazi,4 Shabnam Kermani,5,*
1. Department of Biological Science and Technology, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
2. Department of Biological Science and Technology, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
3. Department of Biological Science and Technology, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
4. Department of Biological Science and Technology, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
5. Department of Biological Science and Technology, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
- Introduction: Glioblastoma (GBM) is a grade 4 glioma brain tumor arising from brain cells called glial cells. The current standard glioblastoma multiforme treatment has resulted in more people living two, three or four years. Although advances have been made in the treatment of GBM, due to rapid necrosis and abundant angiogenesis, GBM is still deadly. Patients diagnosed with these tumors usually see a doctor with severe symptoms and poor quality of life. The goal of this study is investigating the HES1 (Hes Family BHLH Transcription Factor 1) gene as a major actor with a vague role in glioblastoma, and find its communication with a lncRNA and a miRNA, using bioinformatics data.
- Methods: To begin, HES1 gene was structurally analyzed in GeneCards, then HES1-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and microRNAs were found in miRdSNP and NCBI databases. In another part of the project, the LncRNADisease database (version 2.0) helped analyze data to find a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) interconnection with the HES1 gene signaling pathways.
- Results: HES1 gene is a Protein Coding gene and located on chromosome 3q29. According to findings from the GEPIA2 database, the HES1 gene is highly expressed in glioblastoma. The analysis showed that the occurrence of the SNP:rs11541817 can lead the cells to glioblastoma and affect the involved miRNA-23a in this process. Through the process of this disease, the disease-associated SNP (rs11541817) is located on the mRNA and causes the disease. When miRNA-23a binds to 3’UTR of HES1 mRNA, it increases gene expression and intensifies the tumorigenesis of GBM. On the other hand, lncRNA-ZFAS1 as a prognostic factor by activating of the Notch signaling pathway, promotes glioblastoma cell progression because Notch, leads the HES1 gene to overexpression.
- Conclusion: Based on these observes, it is inferred that the interaction of lnc-ZFAS1 with Notch signaling pathway could be useful biomarker for the diagnosis of glioblastoma. Furthermore, the miRNA-23a prove that HES1 is an effective gene in GBM outbreak and its tumorigenesis.
- Keywords: Key Words: HES1 gene, glioblastoma, rs11541817, miRNA-23a, lncRNA-ZFAS1
