The Emerging Role of Polymeric Microparticles as an Effective Therapeutic Strategies for Cancer
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Morteza Hassandokht Mashhadi,1 Negin Najmi Noghondar,2 Mahla Hassani,3 Mobina Tork,4 Mina Hosseini,5 Hossein Javid,6,*
1. Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Varastegan Institute for Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
2. Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Varastegan Institute for Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
3. Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Varastegan Institute for Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
4. Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Varastegan Institute for Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
5. Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Varastegan Institute for Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
6. Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Varastegan Institute for Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran/ Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran/ Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad,
- Introduction: Microparticles (MPs) are spherical particles with dimensions in the micron range of 1 μm to 1000 μm that have been made of poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA), polylactic acid (PLA), polyglycolic acid (PGA), polyhydroxy alkanoates (PHA), and polyε-caprolactone (PCL) by interfacial tension of immiscible liquid phases. Polymeric MPs (p-MPs) have been widely developed as drug delivery systems and also, most p-MPs are made using biocompatible and biodegradable polymers, which may decay under physiological settings and release the medication in a regulated way. Over the last several decades, encapsulating both hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds, giving them a broad variety of therapeutic uses. The release of medicine from p-MPs shows several benefits compared with the traditional drug delivery methods, which include their ability to adjust the rate of drugs release for a long time and their capacity to reduce drug toxicity. The numerous advantages of injecting encapsulated pharmaceuticals into p-MPs serve as the foundation for a variety of future medicinal undertakings. This study shows their applications in the treatment of diseases.
- Methods: The articles we reviewed used a variety of methods, the most common was the statistical analysis performed using NOVA by Graph pad prim software.
- Results: The preparation of MPs was performed via solid-oil-water (s/o/w) modified double emulsification method. The release of drugs from p-MPs shows their ability to modulate the rate of drugs release for a long period. The extensive benefits of the administration of encapsulated drugs into p-MPs serve as the foundation for many future medical endeavors.
Over the years, a wide range of procedures for preparing microparticles of drug delivery applications has been developed, resulting in a wide range of morphologies, architectures, and size ranges. Emulsification–solvent evaporation is the most commonly used method for producing nano-/microparticles. Adjusting the viscosity of the organic/aqueous phases, the homogenization speed, and the emulsifier concentration allows for customizable particle size.
In Oncologic disease chemotherapeutic encapsulated in polymeric microparticles provide a safe platform for achieving a prolonged release in malignant tissue, reducing the need for large medication doses and their potentially hazardous side effects. So, in the brain, it's critical to limit the number of procedures a patient undergoes, biodegradable microparticles could be an ideal therapeutic device since they not only have favorable release kinetics but also allow for the encapsulation of a large enough dosage to assure continuous therapeutic dose exposure.
According to new vaccine techniques, p-MPs loaded with antigens against bacterial diseases such as Vibrio cholerae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bordetella pertussis provide a robust and long-lasting immune response.
- Conclusion: The manageable of p-MPs properties (including crystallinity and degradation rates) the low toxicity, the variety of production procedures, and convenience and low cost of manufacture make them an effective strategy. Due to their superior biodegradability and biocompatibility, the use of MPs based on PLA, PLGA, and similar polymers and copolymers in the field of sustained release of medicines has recently become a major subject of research. The methods for fabricating such systems proved to be extremely adaptable. By modifying some of the experimental factors related to the preparation process, improved drug release behavior, various particle size-structure properties, and loading capacities can be accomplished in this manner. Despite substantial development in the field of microencapsulation, several problems remain. The development of less expensive biopolymers for microencapsulation technologies, as well as the development of appropriate evaluation procedures, should be prioritized, especially for bio adhesive microsystems. As a result, in the future, in-depth investigations of both the technological and biological characteristics of these systems will be required to build safe and efficient systems.
- Keywords: Polymeric Microparticles (p-MPs), Therapeutic, Carcinoma, Oncologic disease, Microparticles
