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    Knowledge domain of mRNA vaccines technology: A bibliometric assessment of research output

  • Pooya Bayat,1 Elika Valehi,2 Bardia Talebzadeh,3,*
    1. Faculty of Medicine, Szeged University, Szeged, Hungary.
    2. Faculty of Pharmacy, Szeged University, Szeged, Hungary.
    3. Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.


  • Introduction: Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines are known as a relatively new vaccine class. This vaccine technology has indicated promising results for the future. This optimism is built on recently published studies demonstrating the efficacy of mRNA vaccines in combatting several types of cancer and infectious pathogens (such as coronavirus) where conventional vaccine platforms may fail to induce protective immune responses. These results would not have been possible without critical recent innovations in the field of biotechnology, such as the development of safe and efficient materials for in vivo mRNA delivery and advanced protocols for the production of high-quality mRNA. Therefore, this research conducted to review the scientific progress of mRNA-based vaccines via a bibliometric evaluation to identify the future perspectives.
  • Methods: In order to retrieve all the possible data, Web of Science (WoS) database considered as the data source of the present evaluation. Our search string contained "mRNA vaccine" and all its related keywords which were selected from Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and other similar research projects. No limitations were considered for the language, region, and the publication date of documents. Bibliometric parameters were assessed by Biblioshiny R Package V3.1. Furthermore, co-occurrence analysis and visualizations were performed by VOSviewer v1.6.15.
  • Results: A total of 1247 documents were retrieved from WoS. Original articles (66.23%) and reviews (14.19%) were the most common document types. In total, documents on mRNA vaccines received 29971 citations. In results, the average citation per document was 24.03 (H-Index=71). The most international contribution was between the researchers from USA, Germany, and Italy by 419 (33.60%), 133 (10.66%), and 127 (10.18%) of the retrieved documents, respectively. In the case of prolific authors, Sahin U. with 25 (2.00%), Tureci O. with 18 (1.44%), and Weissman D. with 13 (1.04%) of documents were the most influential researchers by the number of publications. A review on journals indexed in WoS showed that among the journals hosting publications related to mRNA vaccines, Vaccines published the most significant number of documents 90 (7.21%). The co-occurrence network for keywords represented 3 publication clusters. The largest cluster was related to studies on the application and performance of mRNA vaccines in different aspects of deficiencies followed by studies on COVID-19 and viral diseases.
  • Conclusion: According to our results from WoS and VOSViewer, cooperation between countries, institutions, and authors were satisfying. We found that clinical trials on mRNA vaccines, and recently, immunoinformatical studies are the research hotspots. The findings provided valuable insights into the scientific research progress in this domain and suggest scaling-up research and information dissemination on mRNA-based vaccines and vaccines safety. Based on the present results it is not unpredictable that research on the application of mRNA vaccines in different types of malignancies and also, other viral diseases continue during future decades.
  • Keywords: mRNA Vaccine, Scientometrics, Bibliometrics, Co-occurrence Network