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    In vitro modeling of disease as a paving road into personalized medicine: with an eye to COVID19

  • Arefeh Basiri,1,*
    1. School of advanced technologies in medicine, Isfahan university of medical sciences, Isfahan, Iran


  • Introduction: Understanding the individual cellular and molecular mechanisms of human diseases plays a significant role to develop novel and improved therapies or the rapid diagnostics. In this review, the advantages of these models are mentioned with emphasis on COVID19. Until now, animal models mostly used to provide crucial clues of many diseases; however, lots of them failed to replicate the human disease condition carefully. Recent advances in tissue engineering and microfabrication represent novel in vitro models of disease, which can simulate the nature of the human diseases in vitro and measure responses to various therapeutic approaches in real-time. Nowadays, engineered models for diseases of the heart, lung, intestine, liver, kidney, cartilage, skin and vascular, endocrine, musculoskeletal, and nervous systems, as well as models of infectious diseases and cancer have been studied. Stem cells mainly induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can play a significant role in disease modeling and mimic conditions of diseases for individual drug discovery. Stem cells in the form of organoids or 3D-printed constructs can be used to develop in vitro disease models. These models also can play a role to understand the detailed pathophysiology and identify the best drug targets for new appeared disease, COVID19. The models have the potential to reproduce the viral life cycle and the pathology of the illness precisely to find the best option for the treatment of each person individually.
  • Methods: -
  • Results: -
  • Conclusion: In conclusion, in vitro tissue models of diseases such as COVID19 could facilitate understanding the mechanisms of the disease pathology along with choosing the superior treatment approach using drug screening.
  • Keywords: Disease model, Personalized medicine, COVID19