Production of hydrocolloid-based moisturizing cream in Nostoc cyanobacteria
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Somayeh Sadat Naghibi Avanji,1,* Mozghan Emtiazjoo,2 Solmaz Shahlla,3
1. Somayeh Sadat Naghibi Avanji , Master Student , Azad University, Central Tehran Branch
2. Dr.Mozghan Emtyazjoo Associate Professor Azad University, North Tehran Branch
3. Dr.Solmaz Shahlla Assistant Professor, Azad University, Central Tehran Branch.
- Introduction: Hydra-Soothing fluid, a non-greasy moisturizing milk, repairs and nourishes skin with shea butter and apricot kernel oil. It contains a wide range of chemical compounds such as emollients, occlusives and humectants to absorb, retain and increase efficiency to prevent water evaporation or transepidermal (TEWL). However, as a result of the use of chemicals in the composition of these hydrating products, various allergic reactions may occur on the surface of the skin. On the other hand, the accumulation of these substances on the surface of the skin pores can sometimes block the skin pores and cause various complications that eventually cause a hydrophobic barrier on the skin. The potential use of cyanobacteria as hydrating agents in cosmetics stems from the fact that these organisms have protective mechanisms, including the production of exopolysaccharides (EPS), which enable them to withstand deficiencies or Resist water loss. Cyanobacterial exopolysaccharides are formed by various sugars and uric acids, of which more than 60% may be dry weight. In cells, EPS can be covalently attached to the cell surface to form sheaths, capsules, and mucosa. Tolerance of cyanobacteria to salinity in highly saline environments appears to be due to the presence of a thick EPS layer around the cells. Also, in some studies, it was found that the group of Nostoc cyanobacteria, which contain small amounts of EPS, have a high tolerance against drought and water shortage, so that this feature of drought tolerance and water retention in the preparation of health and moisturizing creams Therefore, the objectives of this study are to produce a hydrating cream based on natural ingredients and bioactive compounds (active ingredient or hydrocolloid) in Cyanobacterium nostoc and to evaluate the antibacterial properties against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
- Methods: Nostoc cyanobacteria were collected from the coastal and southern areas of the North Sea of Iran. Extraction was performed by three methods: methanolic, hexane and aqueous. Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATTC1430 was cultured on nutrient agar medium and Müller-Hinton agar medium half McFarland standard containing 1.5× CFU / ml was prepared. Also, the antibacterial effects of Nostoc extract were investigated using disk diffusion and welling methods. Then the extraction of the active ingredient Hydrocolloidia as well as the formulation of the hygienic cream and the amount of hydration were performed using different concentrations and then the results were read by the Dinolait digital hand microscope model AM211. The data analysis method was used to evaluate the properties and characteristics of the creams produced in such a way that the values obtained from measuring viscosity and pH were statistically analyzed using SPSS 14.00 computer software in Windows 2016 environment
- Results: The results of the present study showed that the effect of Nostoc cyanobacterial extracts on Pseudomonas aeruginosa was such that the diameter of the growth inhibition zone was 20 mm in aqueous extract, 30 mm in methanolic extract and 25 mm in hexane extract, as methanolic extract was the most abundant. It has an inhibitory effect on bacterial growth and has caused the death of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The lowest concentration as the minimum concentration of bacterial growth inhibitor was 0.6 mg / ml and the same concentration was obtained in the study of the minimum lethal concentration.
- Conclusion: It should be noted that the lowest growth inhibitory concentration was observed in hexane extract 0.59 and in aqueous extract 0.55 mg / ml. In one gram of cream, the skin has the highest amount of hydration, and the properties and characteristics of creams produced by creams such as viscosity and pH increased with increasing duration of use. Also, the largest size of the growth inhibition halo is related to the combined sample of the produced cream and the hydrocolloid of Cyanobacter Nostoc. The size of the non-growth halo diameter of the composite sample in the disk diffusion method is 25 mm larger than the diameter of the halo created in the well drilling method is 23 mm. 0.49 mg / ml and the composition of the cream produced and the hydrocolloid Cyanobacterium nostoc is equal to 0.38 mg / ml. Therefore, it can be acknowledged that Cyanobacterium nostoc has a good antibacterial effect against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
- Keywords: Antibacterial, Cyanobacterium nostoc, Exopolysacharids ,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Moisturizing Cre
