Type 2 diabetes prediction based on genetic polymorphisms
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Farid Ebnerasuly,1,* Farzaneh Rahvar,2
1. Science and Technology Park of Islamic Azad University
2. National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB),
- Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most prevalent diseases and is expanding significantly. Approximately half a billion people living with diabetes around the world, and 212 million individuals have been undiagnosed. (1)
Diabetes mellitus classified into three major types: type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 2 diabetes is a complex disease that occurs in a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors. (2)
In general, diabetes is likely to be controlled effectively, and complications can be avoided when diagnosed early.
As the risk of getting the disease is influenced by heredity, early diagnosis and effective diagnostic recommendations become possible.
For the sake of the role of genetics in the prediction of type 2 diabetes, we will propose to predict type 2 diabetes mellitus using genetic polymorphisms.
We identify and compare the most recent GWAS(genome-wide association study) studies to select the genetic polymorphisms, which can be applied for the prediction of type 2 diabetes.
- Methods: The databases for the literature search were chosen, based on a recommendation of the optimal database combinations. (3) As for the literature search, the three chosen databases were Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed.
The databases searched for studies of GWAS for T2D, published between 2000 and September 2020.
According to these article results, the related type 2 diabetes polymorphisms were chosen, proven in at least three GWAS studies.
- Results: There were a total of 63 articles collected from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. After removing the duplicates, the total number of studies obtained was 26.
As to the previously mentioned criteria, five polymorphisms, which at least three GWAS studies revealed their association with type 2 diabetes, were selected. Afterward, given the OR (odds ratio) of these polymorphisms, the feasibility of type 2 diabetes was evaluated.
These polymorphisms are: rs10830963(4,5), rs1801282(6), rs13266634(7), rs7903146(7) and rs4402960(8).
- Conclusion: GWAS are powerful tools to support the diagnosis, and they could be an effective tool to predict the risk of pre-symptomatic diabetes.
Usage of GWAS studies and their results could pave the way for devising meticulous methods to determine the feasibility of various diseases, including type 2 Diabetes. Above all, a wide range of complementary scrutiny is required to boost the effectiveness of these methods.
- Keywords: diabetes, type 2 of diabetes, GWAS, polymorphisms
